Grupos de Islam Radical en América Latina 2000-2020
Palabras clave:
Terrorismo, seguridad internacional, América Latina, triple frontera.
Resumen
La posición ambivalente de grupos de islam radical en América Latina representa una de las amenazas a la
seguridad regional. A pesar de la distancia geográfica de América Latina de Medio Oriente, el continente ha
absorbido diásporas de comunidades islámicas las cuales buscaban refugio de los conflictos en su patria.
A lo largo del tiempo, aparecieron también las estructuras militantes de agrupaciones islamistas, los cuales
empezaron a integrarse en el ecosistema del crimen organizado transnacional proveniente de América Latina
y participan en las operaciones de narcotráfico, contrabando y lavado de activos. Financiados por sus
donadores estatales organizaron ataques terroristas en 1992 y 1994 en Argentina y Panamá. Estados Unidos
impulsó la cooperación internacional como parte de la denominada Guerra contra el Terror (2001), la cual
empujó dichos grupos en la clandestinidad y reforzó sus lazos con los grupos delincuenciales, convirtiendo
a América Latina en importante base logística y económica de dichas agrupaciones. El presente artículo
tiene como objetivo revisar la actividad de grupos de islam radical ( Hezbolláh, Al Qaeda y Estado Islámico)
en América Latina y la reacción de los Estados de continente a su presencia
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Recuperado de: https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/mar/27/hezbollah-uses- mexican-drug-routes-into-us/
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Recuperado de: https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2015/12/10/informe-brasilenos-y-argentinos-hacen-parte-de-isis/
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Recuperado de: https://www.elobservador.com.uy/nota/acusado-por-el-atentado-de-la-amia-creo-que-a-nisman-lo-mataron--2020110115318
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Recuperado de: https://www.elpais.com.uy/mundo/brasil-preocupado-reclutamiento-jovenes-parte-ei.html
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Gabriel, M.(2011). Hezbollah: Sweet Home Latinoamérica, Revista de Medio Oriente, Vol 17, Num 4
Gardner, T. (2013). US Blacklists firms for evading Iran oil sale sanctions, Reuters, 9.5.2013
Recuperado de: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-iran-oil-sanctions/u-s-blacklists-firms-for-evading-iran-oil-sale-sanctions-idUSBRE94814Q20130509
Gomes, A., Mikhael, M. (2018). Terror or Terrorism? Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State in Comparative Perspective. Brazilian Political Science Review, Vol 12, Num 1, pp1-27
Hakimzadeh, K. (2009). Iran & Venezuela. The Axis of Annoyance, Military Review, Vol 4, Num. 89, pp. 78–84
Infobae (2019). Paraguay declaró a Hezbolláh y Hamas como grupos terroristas, Infobae, 19.8.2019
Recuperado de: https://www.infobae.com/america/america-latina/2019/08/19/paraguay-declaro-a-hezbollah-y-hamas-como-grupos-terroristas/
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Recuperado de: https://www.npr.org/2012/01/13/145153530/irans-president-tours-latin-america
International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (2008). Venezuelan Ties to Hezbollah, IDC Herzliya, 14.8.2008
Recuperado de: https://www.ict.org.il/Article.aspx?ID=307#gsc.tab=0
Johnson, T.M., Grim, B.J. (2020). World Religion Database, Boston, Massachussets, United States
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Publicado
2021-11-09
Cómo citar
Praj, D. (2021). Grupos de Islam Radical en América Latina 2000-2020. Escenarios: Empresa Y Territorio, 9(13), 141-167. Recuperado a partir de http://esumer.edu.co/revistas/index.php/escenarios/article/view/195
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Derechos de autor 2021 Escenarios: empresa y territorio
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